Shutter Island has a much darker theme than its storyline initially presents. Martin Scorsese’s 2010 film stars Leonardo DiCaprio as U.S. Marshal Edward “Teddy” Daniels and Mark Ruffalo as his partner Chuck Aule as they head to Ashecliffe Hospital, an isolated asylum on Shutter Island, to investigate the disappearance of an inmate who drowned her children. The film is based on the 2003 novel by Dennis Lehane, though it has some differences, including its ending.

By Shutter Island’s ending, it’s revealed Andrew Laeddis, who Teddy thinks killed his wife in a fire, is actually him, and Edward Daniels is an anagram for his real name. The book ends with Teddy learning he is an inmate at Ashecliffe Hospital because he drowned his wife and three children in a lake. However, the movie changes the story, allowing the audience to feel sympathy for Teddy. In the film, Teddy only kills his wife because she drowned their three children during a depressive episode. Shutter Island delves deep into psychology and mental illness.

What Shutter Island’s Monster Vs Good Man Quote Meant

Edward Knew The Truth But Couldn’t Live With It Anymore

Edward created his alter ego Teddy as an escape from what he did to his wife. The final scene of Shutter Island shows him still unable to accept the truth, so he turns back to his idenтιтy as Teddy and tells Chuck (Dr. Sheehan) that they have to get off of the island because something strange is going on there. This was Edward’s final chance to accept the truth before having to get a lobotomy.

However, before walking away, Edward turns to Dr. Sheehan and asks him, “which would be worse, to live as a monster or to die as a good man?” The quote suggests that Edward knows who he is now but is continuing to act as Teddy because he can’t face murdering his wife. Edward is saying he would rather be lobotomized, which he is comparing to the death of his old self than accept that he is really Edward and live his whole life knowing that he is a murderer.

Shutter Island Focused On Perception Vs Reality

The Viewers Are As Confused As Teddy

Shutter Island blurs the line between perception and reality, proving that reality is what one perceives it to be. The viewer watches the film from Teddy’s perspective, and like him, they believe he is really investigating the case of a missing inmate. However, the perspective switches at the end, and the viewer now sees the island through Dr. Sheehan and the other doctor’s perspectives. They’ve spent the whole film resonating with Teddy and rooting for him to safely make it off the island, only to realize they had it all wrong.

Even at the film’s end, it’s hard to understand what’s really going on at Ashecliffe Hospital and which characters are good and bad. The film leaves a lot of aspects open to interpretation. Teddy hallucinates most of the movie by thinking he is working on a case when he is an inmate the whole time, but he isn’t wrong that there is some mistreatment of inmates. Lobotomies may have been acceptable in 1954 when the film takes place, but they were always known to be experimental, and forcing one on someone is inhumane.

How Shutter Island Handled Mental Illness & PTSD

Teddy’s Mental Illness Is Not What Many People Believe

According to a blog post from Ashoka University, Teddy shows signs of Grandiose and Persecutory Delusional Disorder throughout Shutter Island. Many would confuse his symptoms with schizophrenia, but they do not meet the criteria of the disorder. The film showcases how Teddy’s mental illness causes him to perceive reality differently than the people around him as a way to escape from the truth.

He’s rewritten himself as a hero who is on a mission to find Rachel while the doctors on the island are the villains. Shutter Island also explores manic depression with Teddy’s wife, Dolores. Ashecliffe Hospital and the doctors working there showcase the inhumane treatment of mental illness during the time period, like forcing Teddy to receive a lobotomy.

Guilt & Grief Are Major Themes In Shutter Island

Both Teddy & His Wife Dealt With Crippling Depression

Shutter Island illustrates the significance guilt and grief can have on someone’s mental health. The cause of Teddy’s mental health decline is his family’s death. His wife struggled with mental health issues, which caused her to murder their three children, which then led to Teddy murdering her. A flashback scene shows Dolores in the middle of a psycH๏τic episode where Teddy learns she drowned their children. After pulling them from the lake and lining them up, Dolores returns.

Teddy can’t forgive her for what she’s done, and out of rage and the trauma from learning his children are ᴅᴇᴀᴅ, he shoots her. He immediately regrets his choice and breaks down, realizing his whole family is now ᴅᴇᴀᴅ. Not only does he have to face what he did to his wife, but he has no one left. Teddy feels immense guilt for what he did but also grief for the loss of everyone he loved. This pain is so intense and all-consuming that he runs from it by creating a fake idenтιтy and pretending it never happened.

Shutter Island Used Teddy To Explore Masculinity & Violence

Teddy Couldn’t Accept Help For Him Or His Wife

Teddy’s doctors tried to help him through medication and therapy before his lobotomy, but Teddy chose to continue playing the character he created because it kept him in a position of power. Instead of accepting what he did and allowing for help, he denied it because it made him feel weak. The character he created gives him control. He sees himself as a heroic and courageous man on a mission on a dangerous island instead of a patient who is under the control of his doctors.

The way he treated his wife and her ultimate death also played into his masculinity because he couldn’t have compᴀssion for her. Instead of seeking help for Dolores, he ran from the situation, moving her to a lake house, which inevitably ended in his children dying. While it’s impossible to tell someone how they should react to their spouse murdering their kids, Teddy chose violence. Had he turned his wife in, she would have been the one placed in an asylum, not him. His problems with masculinity and violence led to his demise at the end of Shutter Island.

Does The Shutter Island Book Have A Different Meaning?

The Novel Was About Guilt & Not Trauma

The ending of the book and the movie had entirely different meanings. In the Shutter Island movie, Teddy realizes he killed his wife after she murdered their three kids. Instead of getting her help before the murders or having her insтιтutionalized after the murders, Teddy took matters into his own hands and killed her in revenge. This led the audience to feel sympathy for him. While he was a murderer and deserved his punishment, no one deserves a lobotomy. However, Teddy knows he can’t live with these tragic memories.

That sympathy does not exist in the novel. The same twist is there: Teddy was the killer all along, and the psychiatrists were trying to get him back to the real world, or else he would receive the lobotomy. However, what he remembers is more horrific. In the novel, he didn’t kill his wife because she murdered their kids. Teddy killed his wife and his kids. Teddy doesn’t want the lobotomy because he can’t live with himself for killing his wife out of guilt. He wants the lobotomy because of Catholic guilt.

Catholic guilt lives strongly in Dennis Lehane’s writing and Martin Scorsese’s filmmaking. That makes it strange that Scorsese made this change, making it about his torment of avenging his kids by killing his wife. The novel is about not being able to live with himself since he is a murderer of both his wife and kids, and it isn’t about feeling bad – it is about his pangs of guilt. This is also shown because the “live as a monster line” is not in the Shutter Island book. There, Teddy admits to the murders and asks for a lobotomy.